JavaScript

Style Guides

Code style is important! Having a consistent set of style rules for things such as indentation or preferred quote style makes your code more maintainable and easier to read. There are several popular JavaScript style guides on the net that set standards for these types of things, and a little time spent reading them will make you a better developer.

1. The Airbnb Style Guide is one of the most popular. It is also very well formatted and easy to read.
2. Google also has their own style guide for JavaScript.
3. The JavaScript Standard Style. Used by companies like NPM and GitHub, among others.

Learning Outcomes

• Set up a linter and prettier to make your code better.

Linting

The style guides we mentioned above are full of really helpful advice for formatting, organizing and composing your code. But there are a lot of rules - it can be difficult to internalize them all. Linters are tools that will scan your code with a set of style rules and will report any errors to you that they find. In some cases, they can even auto-fix the errors! The following articles explain in more detail the benefits of using a linter while you code.

1. This article gets right to the point… start here!
2. This article goes a little further by discussing exactly how linters do what they do.

There are multiple options for linting your JavaScript, but the most popular (and most common in the industry) is eslint. Getting it installed and the initial set-up is fairly simple.

1. The official ‘Getting Started’ page is a good place to start. It covers installation and basic setup. The basic way to use this tool is to simply run the eslint command in your terminal with a specific file.
2. Far more useful are linting plugins for your favorite text editor. Most editor plugins allow you to automatically lint your code as you are writing it, and will show the errors right in the editor, which makes resolving them much simpler. We can’t cover every editor installation but some of the more popular are:
   1. Visual Studio Code - The Plugin and a tutorial.
   2. Sublime Text - The Plugin and a tutorial.
   3. Atom - The Plugin and a tutorial.
   4. Vim - Use the ALE plugin. If you use vim you already know what you’re getting into. ALE is a great plugin, but the setup and configuration can be a little tricky.

Prettier

Prettier is awesome. It is similar to a linter, but serves a slightly different function. Prettier will take your JS code and then automatically format it according to a set of rules. Unlike a linter, it’s not looking for style errors, but specifically targeting the layout of your code and making intelligent decisions about things like spaces, indentation levels and line-breaks.

1. This quick talk from prettier’s creator is a great introduction.
2. Give it a test drive here. Go ahead and copy/paste some of your old JavaScript code into that editor and see what happens.
3. Setup is simple. The homepage links to tutorials for most popular editors.

Using prettier makes coding faster and easier! You don’t have to worry about nailing things like indentation, or remembering every semi-colon because prettier will take care of those details for you.

Knowledge check

This section contains questions for you to check your understanding of this lesson. If you’re having trouble answering the questions below on your own, review the material above to find the answer.

• What is linting?
• Which problems can linting prevent?
• Why should you use prettier?